An ESP32 panel usually runs embedded firmware developed using:
- ESP-IDF
- Arduino Framework
- PlatformIO
The software includes:
User Interface Layer
Responsible for:
- Buttons
- Icons
- Menus
- Touch interaction
Many ESP32 smart panels use LVGL graphics library for creating customized interfaces.
Control Logic Layer
Handles:
- Automation rules
- Device commands
- Sensor data processing
Example:
"If temperature > 28°C, turn on air conditioner."
Communication Layer
Manages:
- WiFi connection
- Bluetooth communication
- MQTT messaging
- RS485 protocols

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